Gallipoli information

1. Ari Burnu
The cemetery is situated in the north edge of ANZAC Bay, on the left, at the sea side where Anzacs landed from the North area on the first landing day. Until 2000, Ari Burnu Cemetery has been the site of the Anzac Day Dawn Service. The cemetery was begun during the campaign.
Kabatepe Ari Burnu Beach Memorial is a stone monolith at the south of Ariburnu Cemetery, beside the Aegean Sea, Gallipoli peninsula in Canakkale Turkey. Inscribed in English on the monolith are the famous words Mustafa Kemal Ataturk delivered in 1934 to the first Australians, New Zealanders and British to visit the Gallipoli battlefields:

‘Those heroes that shed their blood
And lost their lives...
You are now lying in the soil of a friendly Country.
Therefore rest in peace.
There is no difference between the Johnnies
And the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side
Here in this country of ours...
You, the mothers,
Who sent their sons front far away countries
Wipe away your tears,
Your sons are now lying in our bosom
And are in peace
After having lost their lives on this land
They have become our sons as well ’

The cemetery was begun to build in 1915, and was enlarged in 1926 and 1927 by adding Anglo-French Cemetery and Gallipoli Consular Cemetery which were found in Kilitbahir. 253 Allied soldiers rest in the cemetery, 42 of whose are unidentified. 5 special tombs which are situated in the cemetery were built for 5 soldiers who were believed in resting here. Indian soldiers who died in Kilitbahir and their names are commemorated in a separate part inside the cemetery.
The cemetery, designed by Sir John Burnet, principal architect of the CWGC cemeteries and memorials on the peninsula, is under the control of the CWGC. It was registered as a cultural heritage Site by the Turkish Ministry of Culture on 14 November, 1980.

2. Chunuk Bair
Chunuk bair was one of the most important spot and peak of the Sari bair range in Gallipoli battlefield. The Battlefield of Chunuk Bair was a battle area between the Turkish defenders and troops of New Zealand and Britain on Turkey's Gallipoli peninsula in August 1915. The attackers captured the Chunuk Bair, "Çanak Bayırı" (Basin Slope) in Turkish (now "Conk Bayırı") in between 6-10 August. This was the main objective of the Anzacs' offensive of early August 1915 when they tried to break out of the stalemate with the Turks in the Anzac sector but their attempt was met with the staunch defence of Mustafa kemal Ataturk (Turkish commander) and the bid was unsuccessful.
Chunuk bair cemetery was made after the Armistice on the site where the Turks had buried some Allied dead. The cemetery also contains the Chunuk Bair (ANZAC) Memorial which bears 850 names. This memorial was erected in honour of the ANZAC Soldiers who lost their lives.

3. Kabatepe Museum
The Kabatepe Museum (or Gallipoli War Museum) is located in the Gallipoli Historic National Park, Gallipoli peninsula Turkey. It commemorates the Gallipoli Campaign, now considered a defining moment in the modern history of Turkey, Australia and New Zealand.
The hosts of museum numerous relics from the campaign. These are; weapons, uniforms, ammunition, letters written by the soldiers to their families, photographs, and private belongings such as shaving tools, cocoa cases, leather flasks etc. There are also more shocking artifacts such as three bullets which are hit eachother in air ,the skull of a Turkish soldier with the bullet hole in the forehead, and the shoe of a soldier still a bone from the owner's foot in it.

4. Lone Pine
Lone pine was a strategically important plateau in the south of Anzac Cove, Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey. It was attacked by the Australians during the First World War between 6th and 10th of August in 1915 against the Sari Bair peaks of Chunuk Bair and Hill 971. The Lone Pine battlefield, named for a solitary Turkish Pine that stood there at the begining of the war, was situated about the centre of the eastern line of the ANZAC trenches.
One of the most famous attack of the Gallipoli campaign, the Battle of Lone Pine was originally intended as a diversion from attempts by Anzac units to force a breakout from the Anzac perimeter on the heights of Chunuk Bair and Hill 971. The main Turkish trench was taken within 20 minutes of the initial charge but this was the start of 4 days of intense hand-to-hand fighting. Casualties were heavy, 10,000 in total (7,000 Turkish, 3,000 Australian). Of these some 9,000 comprised fatalities.
Lone Pine Cemetery, contains mostly Australian casualties. Within the cemetery stands the Lone Pine Memorial which records the names of all the Australian soldiers lost in the anzac area between April and december 1915 and Zealanders prior to the August offensive who have no known grave.

5. Plugge's Plateu
The Turkish name is Hain Tepe (Treacherous Hill) because of the effect of the battery placed there. The position was a small triangular plateau on top of a very steep hill, 100 metres above sea level. The narrow plateau, a triangle 200m wide on the north. The plateau was used as a battery position, a reservoir and a position on the ‘Inner Line’ of defences. Plugge’s Plateau (pronounced ‘Pluggy’s’) was reached and captured by the Australian soldiers within half an hour of the Anzac landings at Ari Burnu at dawn on 25 April 1915. It was later named for Colonel Arthur Plugge, commander of the New Zealand Auckland Battalion, who established his headquarters there.
Plugge's Plateau Cemetery is on the north-west corner of the Plateau.The pathway leading to the cemetery is approximately 750 metres from the main road, up a very steep track.The cemetery contains 21 First World War burials, 17 identified graves and four unidentified.
The cemetery, designed by Sir John Burnet, principal architect of the CWGC cemeteries and memorials on the peninsula, is under the control of the CWGC. It was registered as a cultural heritage Site by the Turkish Ministry of Culture on 14 November, 1980

6. Shell Green
Shell Green Cemetery is a War Graves Commission Cemetery from first World War in the former Anzac sector of the Gallipoli Peninsula, Turkey. Shell Green Cemetery at Gallipoli, overlooking the Aegean Sea with hundreds of crosses visible in the midground. The cemetery is on a former cottonfield at the edge of a steep slope leading from Bolton's Ridge to the sea, near the Southern end of the Anzac sector. The area was captured by the 8th Australian Infantry on 25 April 1915 but remained sufficiently near to the front line for the rest of the campaign to suffer frequent Turkish shelling. It had been used until December 1915. The evacuation of the Anzac sector, many of the graves had become elaborately decorated.
After the Armistice two cemeteries a short distance were combined and 64 graves consolidated into it from four other cemeteries which were closed.The cemetery covers an area of 2,750 square yards. It contains the graves of 408 soldiers from Australia and one from the United Kingdom; eleven are unidentified. On either side of it is a thick belt of shrubs, and behind it a belt of trees. Many of the original graves were elaborately decorated before the evacuation in December 1915.

7. Sharapnel Valley
On the first days of landing, the Allied troops tried to use this area where the cemetery was built as a road going to Turkish positions. Stretcher-bearers who were going in the bottom of valley and allied soldiers who were carrying ammunition, food and water were each of the evidence of this during the war. Turkish troops who noticed this situation bombarded the area with heavy gun fire. The name of the cemetery comes from these multitude gun bullets which were fired by Turkish troops.
Shrapnel Valley ( Shrapnel Gully) Cemetery was built during the war. Shrapnel Valley Cemetery is 50 meters away from the road. Shrapnel Valley Cemetery was laid out near the exit to the beach from the valley, south of Anzac Cove in early May 1915. After Lone Pine it is the largest battlefield cemetery in the old Anzac sector. Largely completed during the Gallipoli campaign, a small number of graves were incorporated into the cemetery after the war. Of the 683 burials in the cemetery, 527 are Australians, 56 New Zealanders, 28 British and 72 unknowns. Special Memorials commemorate 23 men believed to be buried here.
Today Shrapnel Valley with its distinctive Judas tree is considered to be amongst the most beautiful on the peninsula.

8. Anzac Cove
Anzac Cove is one of the small cove in north side of the Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey. It became a well known cove during and after the World War I. Because ANZAC (Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) was landed to this cove on April 25th 1915. The Anzac cove is nearly 600m long. From the first day of the war North Beach was the port of Anzacs. Anzac Cove beach became the main supply for the Australian and New Zealand troops for the eight months of the Battle of Gallipoli.
During the war there was nowhere out of Anzac cove became famous. More than 50.000 soldiers has been put here during the WWI and this is the great majority for Anzacs.

"Anzac Cove" was officially recognised by the Turkish State on Anzac Day of year 1985. The Dawn service on ANZAC Day was held at Ari Burnu before North Beach. Anzac Commemorative Site was constructed nearby on North Beach in time for the 2000 service. In 2003 the Australian government announced that it was negotiating with Turkey to place Anzac Cove on the National Heritage List. But the request was dismissed by the Turkish government because Turkish territory announced that the national park is already in the Turkish National Park System.

9. Johnston's Jolly
The Turkish name was Kirmizi Sirt (Red Ridge), the ANZAC troops called it Johnston's Jolly because it was opposite Colonel George Johnston's field artillery position . It is located on the northern part of Plateau 400. Johnston's Jolly was captured by the 2nd Australian Infantry Brigade on 25 April 1915, the day of the landing, but recaptured by Turkish forces the following day and remained under Turkish control for the rest of the campaign.
Johnston’s Jolly Cemetery was made after the war when remains were brought here from alone graves in the surrounding battlefield. Johnston's Jolly Cemetery has 181 burials. There is only one identified individual, although the nationalities of a few other graves are known and special memorials record the names of 36 Australian soldiers known to be buried in the cemetery. Nearly all were serving in the 4th and 7th Battalions, and died during the action at Lone Pine between 6 and 10 August 1915.

10. Quinn's Post
The Turkish name was Bomba Sirt (bomb ridge). Quinn's Post was the most advanced post of the ANZAC line. It is located on the northern edge of the main ANZAC line. It was named after Major Hugh Quinn. Quinn is 27-year old commander of C Company, 15th Battalion, Australian Imperial Force. Quinn’s Post was established on the afternoon of 25 April 1915 by a New Zealand machine-gun crew but was taken over by Australians the following day. It was held by a variety of units until the evacuation of the Anzac sector and was the site of continual attacks and hand-to-hand fighting as Turkish troops defending the peninsula strove to recapture it.
Quinn's Post Cemetery is War Graves cemetery from World War I in the former Anzac sector of the Gallipoli Peninsula, Turkey. 105 Australian and 10 New Zealand graves belong to identified soldiers, and memorials record the names of 64 other soldiers thought to be buried in the cemetery.

11. Courtney's & Steel's Post
Courtney's and Steele's Post occupied precarious but critical positions along the lip of Monash Valley, in the heights above ANZAC Cove. Courtney's Post was named after Lieutenant-Colonel Richard Courtney of the 14th Australian Infantry Battalion who took command on 27 April. Steel's Post , named after Major Thomas Steel . From Steele's and Courtney's Post, several tunnels were pushed out towards the Turkish trenches opposite, and some of these were used in a disastrous attack on German Officer's Trench in the small hours of 7 August 1915. Both posts were initially occupied on 25 April 1915 and held until the final evacuation of the Anzac position in December 1915.
Courtney's and Steel's Post Cemeteries are War Graves cemeteries near ANZAC Cove on the Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey. It contains the graves of some of the former British Empire troops who died during the Gallipoli Campaign. After the war, the War Graves Commission created Courtney and Steel’s Post Cemetery in the area of these old Anzac positions. Here lie the remains of 225 servicemen, 160 of whom are unidentified. There are six identified Australian burials in Courtney’s and Steels’ Post and fifty-eight Special Memorials to others believed to be buried here.

12. the Nek
The Nek was very important position on the northern edge of the ANZAC front line and the scene of a tragic attack .It was a narrow bridge of land which is between Russell's Top and Baby 700 across the top of Monash Valley.
The Nek Cemetery is a small War Graves cemetery near Suvla Bay on the Gallipoli Peninsula in Turkey. In early 1919, when official historian Charles Bean visited Gallipoli battlefields the remains of more than three hundred men who had died in the 7 August charge were found on a piece of land the size of three tennis courts. The cemetery was constructed right after the Armistice in 1919 on the site of the Battle of the Nek, at which time the ground was still covered with the remains of Australian troopers died in the battle four years ago. 316 unidentified soldiers, the majority of whom were Australian Light Horsemen, lie under the grass at The Nek.

13. Walker's Ridge
Galliopoli landscape of Walker's Ridge is looking north. Walker's Ridge is named after Brigadier Harold Bridgwood Walker, commander of the New Zealand Infantry Brigade; the Brigade captured the ridge on the first day of the Anzac landing,April 25th and it was held against a strong Turkish attack on 30 June 1915.
Walker’s Ridge Cemetery was begun during the Gallipoli campaign. It was made during the occupation and consists of two plots separated by 18 meters of ground, through which a trench ran. Walker's Ridge Cemetery has 92 burials, Identified:49,Unknown:16, Special memorials:27

14. Bigali
On Gallipoli, the back road into the old Anzac area lies north there is the small Turkish village of Bigali. Bigali was used by commenders as housing place and the most atractive remind in the village is house of Atatürk used by during Gallipoli War. From the main square to the left along a long straggling narrow street at number 126, is one of the most significant houses in the district, the Atatürk Evi (Atatürk’s House). Mustafa Kemal, commander of the Ottoman Army’s 19th Division, lived in here on 25 April 1915. At this house the news came on the morning of 25 April that the ‘English’ (Australians) had landed at Ari Burnu. Kemal set off from Bigali with the 1st Battalion of the 57th Regiment. He sent one company out to lead 100 metres in front of the others and he, characteristically, went along at the head of that company with a map in his hand. Mustafa Kemal emerged from that victory as probably the best known of the Turkish commanders on the spot. Within years of the end of World War I, he was President of the new Republic of Turkey.
The house has been turned into a museum in memory of Kemal and in it his clothes are laid out – dressing gown, socks and shirt. The rooms are furnished just as they would have been when he lived there. So it was from this very ordinary little dot on the map that the man who took Turkey into the modern world set out to do battle with the Anzacs.

15. Krithia
Krithia is a Turkish village on the Gallipoli peninsula, located approximately 4 miles north of Cape Helles. The allied forces aimed, as always to facilitate the capture of Alçı Tepe (Achi Baba) which commanded most of the peninsula. The Third Battle of Krithia (Kirte for Turks), fought on the Gallipoli peninsula during World War I, was the final in a series of Allied attacks against the Turkish defences aimed at capturing the original objectives of April 25, 1915.
Redoubt Cemetery( Krithia cemetery) is surrounded with trees. More than 1000 Australians were died or wounded in this sadly ineffectual attack and some of them lie among the many unidentified graves in Redoubt Cemetery.

16. Cape Helles
Cape Helles is the rocky headland at the end of Europe in Gallipoli peninsula, Turkey. Cape Helles is across the mouth of the Dardanelles lies Asia and the ruins of ancient Troy. It was the scene of heavy fighting between Turkish and British troops during the landing at Cape Helles(also called Alcitepe) at the beginning of the Gallipoli Campaign in 1915.
Helles Memorial is the ‘battle’ memorial for the whole Gallipoli campaign. Helles memorial is at the highest point of the cape , a monument to those whose remains lie scattered across the 1915 battlefield. On the stone panels of its walls are the names of 20 752 British Empire servicemen who died in the Gallipoli campaign and who have no known grave. Listed among them are 248 men of the Anzac.

17. Turkish Memorial
The Çanakkale Martyrs' Memorial (Turkish Canakkale Sehitleri Anıtı) is a war memorial commemorating the service of about 253,000 Ottoman soldiers who participated at the Battle of Gallipoli, which took place from April 1915 to December 1915 during the First World War. It is located within the Gallipoli Peninsula Historical National Park on Hisarlık Hill in Morto Bay at the southern end of the Gallipoli peninsula in Çanakkale Province, Turkey.
Turkish Monument’s base is 25.00 x 25.00 meters and it is 41.70 height . It has four 7.50 x 7.50 sized columns with reliefs on it. Also there is a museum under the monument which has relics from the campaign. These are; weapons,bullets, binoculars, uniforms, maps and ammunitions.
The memorial was depicted on the reverse of the Turkish 500,000 lira banknotes of 1993-2005.

18. 57th Regiment
During the advance of the 57th Regiment, its mountain battery, positioned at the “waterbed” area was firing accurately on the Australians holding Baby 700 and the 57th Regiment managed to push back those advancing on battleship hill.
It is at this moment in time that Mustafa Kemal pronounced his now famous order,:
“I do not order you to attack, I order you to die! In the time which passes until we die, other troops and commanders can take our place.”
This is a symbolic cemetery in memory of the legendary 57th Regiment, with the names of many of its fallen soldiers chosen randomly to appear either on the headstones or on plaques on the surrounding walls.
At the northern end of the cemetery there is a three tiered far-eastern style monument; near the entrance a statue of the last known surviving Turkish veteran of the campaign. Hüseyin Kaçmaz, who died in 1994; and a relief depicting the regiment's counter attack on April 25.
The flag of the 57. Regiment is shown in the museum of the Melborn in Australia. This words are written on the sheet under the flag ; ‘This regriment flag brought from Gallipoli but it could not be slaved. Because according to national traditions of Turkish army, the flag of a regiment can not be given until last soldier of regiment die. This flag was found on a tree which last soldier of regiment lies under it. Do not pass by the flag which is a semple of bravery , without hail.” Anyway the flag was brought from Egypt.

19. Canterbury
Canterbury cemetery was so named from the fact that the majority of the burials in it. A distant group portrait of the Canterbury Regiment of the New Zealand Mounted Rifle Brigade of Anzac Mounted Division on parade. The Canterbury Cemetery contains the remains of 13 New Zealanders on the site.

20. Eceabat
Eceabat (Maydos) is located on the eastern shore of the Gallipoli Peninsula and it is the main crossing point of the Straits. Eceabat is an important link between Europe & Asia with the ferry connection departing every hour. Eceabat is the main and nearest town to WWI- 1915 Gallipoli Campaign battlefields with more than 120,000 burried soldiers from Turkey, Australia, New Zealand, England and France.
According to the 2000 census, population of the district is 9,929 of which 4,778 live in the town of Eceabat. The district covers an area of 468 km2 (181 sq mi), and it is seaside town.